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Luke 20 Explained — Wicked Husbandmen And Trapped Questions

Priests and scribes press Jesus for His authority, and He answers with a vineyard story that ends with the rejected stone. This matters because their traps fail in public, and His replies expose both their motives and God's purpose.

Summary

Luke 20:1–8 – Jesus’ Authority Questioned

What happens:
Jesus teaches in the temple courts and the chief priests, scribes, and elders ask him by what authority he does these things. He counters by asking them whether John’s baptism was from heaven or from men. They discuss among themselves and, fearing the crowd, say they do not know. Jesus then refuses to tell them by what authority he acts.

What it means:
Jesus exposes their hypocrisy and unwillingness to acknowledge God’s work. By deflecting their question, he affirms that his authority comes directly from the Father, not from human approval.


Luke 20:9–18 – Parable of the Wicked Tenants

What happens:
Jesus tells a parable about a landowner who leases a vineyard to tenants. When he sends servants to collect his share of the fruit, the tenants beat or kill them. Finally he sends his son, but they kill him too. The landowner punishes the tenants and leases the vineyard to others.

What it means:
The landowner represents God and the tenants symbolize religious leaders who reject God’s messengers and ultimately his Son. Judgment comes on those who refuse to bear fruit for God’s kingdom.


Luke 20:19–26 – Paying Taxes to Caesar

What happens:
The religious leaders and Herodians try to trap Jesus by asking if it is lawful to pay taxes to Caesar. He asks them to show him a denarius and inquires whose image and inscription it bears. They answer “Caesar,” and Jesus says, “Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s,” leaving them amazed.

What it means:
Jesus navigates political traps with wisdom and distinguishes between civic duties and ultimate loyalty to God. Believers honor secular authority without compromising their devotion to the divine.


Luke 20:27–40 – Question About the Resurrection

What happens:
Sadducees, who deny the resurrection, present a hypothetical about a woman married to seven brothers in succession. They ask whose wife she will be in the resurrection. Jesus explains that in the resurrection people neither marry nor are given in marriage but are like angels, and he cites God as the God of the living.

What it means:
Jesus corrects misunderstandings about eternal life and affirms the reality of resurrection. God’s relationship with his people transcends earthly institutions and continues beyond death.


Luke 20:41–44 – Whose Son Is the Messiah?

What happens:
Jesus asks the crowd how the Messiah can be both David’s son and his Lord, quoting Psalm 110 where David calls him “Lord.” The crowd is astonished by his teaching.

What it means:
Jesus reveals the Messiah’s dual identity as both descendant of David and divine Lord, highlighting the mystery of his person and the fulfillment of Scripture.


Luke 20:45–47 – Warning Against the Scribes

What happens:
Jesus warns the people to beware of the teachers of the law who like to walk around in long robes, receive respectful greetings, and devour widows’ houses while making lengthy prayers for show. He says they will receive greater condemnation.

What it means:
Jesus exposes religious hypocrisy and exploitation. True devotion is marked by integrity, compassion, and humility rather than outward displays of piety.


Application

  • Examine the source of your allegiance and live under Jesus’ divine authority rather than human approval
  • Respond to God’s messengers with openness and bear fruit that reflects his kingdom
  • Fulfill your civic responsibilities without compromising your ultimate loyalty to God
  • Embrace the hope of resurrection, understanding that eternal life transcends earthly relationships
  • Marvel at the Messiah’s identity as both David’s son and Lord of all
  • Reject hypocrisy by practicing genuine humility, compassion, and integrity in your faith

Bible

1And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,

2And spake unto him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?

3And he answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer me:

4The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men?

5And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then believed ye him not?

6But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet.

7And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was.

8And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.

9Then began he to speak to the people this parable; A certain man planted a vineyard, and let it forth to husbandmen, and went into a far country for a long time.

10And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.

11And again he sent another servant: and they beat him also, and entreated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.

12And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out.

13Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.

14But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir: come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.

15So they cast him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore shall the lord of the vineyard do unto them?

16He shall come and destroy these husbandmen, and shall give the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.

17And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?

18Whosoever shall fall upon that stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.

19And the chief priests and the scribes the same hour sought to lay hands on him; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he had spoken this parable against them.

20And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.

21And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly:

22Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

23But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

24Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.

25And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.

26And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.

27Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him,

28Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

29There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

30And the second took her to wife, and he died childless.

31And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.

32Last of all the woman died also.

33Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.

34And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage:

35But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage:

36Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.

37Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.

38For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.

39Then certain of the scribes answering said, Master, thou hast well said.

40And after that they durst not ask him any question at all.

41And he said unto them, How say they that Christ is David's son?

42And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

43Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

44David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?

45Then in the audience of all the people he said unto his disciples,

46Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;

47Which devour widows' houses, and for a shew make long prayers: the same shall receive greater damnation.

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