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Summary

1 Samuel 1:1–8 – Hannah’s sorrow in a divided home

What happens: Elkanah loves Hannah, but the LORD closes her womb. Peninnah, the other wife, provokes her. At Shiloh, Elkanah tries to comfort Hannah, yet she weeps and does not eat.

What it means: Suffering can sit inside faithful homes. God’s sovereignty over the womb is real, and it presses people to seek Him. Human attempts to comfort fall short; only God satisfies. This shows God’s awareness of personal pain and the call to trust Him amid provocation.


1 Samuel 1:9–18 – Hannah’s prayer and vow

What happens: Hannah prays in bitterness of soul, vowing that if God gives a son, she will give him to the LORD and no razor will touch his head. Eli first misreads her, then blesses her when he understands. Hannah leaves encouraged.

What it means: True prayer pours out the heart before God with reverence and faith. Vows express total surrender. God uses imperfect leaders, yet He hears the humble. The scene highlights worship, dependence, and God’s mercy toward honest seekers.


1 Samuel 1:19–23 – God remembers and Samuel is conceived

What happens: Elkanah and Hannah return home; God remembers Hannah. She conceives and bears Samuel, saying, “I asked the LORD for him.” She delays going to Shiloh until he is weaned, to present him there permanently.

What it means: God’s remembrance means covenant faithfulness in action. He turns mourning to joy. Naming the child Samuel marks prayer answered. Obedience follows blessing; faith keeps promises, not only prayers.


1 Samuel 1:24–28 – Samuel dedicated at Shiloh

What happens: After weaning, Hannah brings Samuel with offerings to Shiloh. She reminds Eli of her prayer and gives the boy to the LORD. Samuel serves there.

What it means: Worship gives back to God what He has given. Dedication shows that children ultimately belong to God. God raises servants through ordinary families who fear Him.


Application

  • Bring your pain to God with honest, faith-filled prayer, and keep your word when He answers.
  • Receive God’s gifts as stewardship, not possession, and devote them to His service.
  • Trust God’s timing; He remembers and acts according to His covenant faithfulness.

Bible

1Now there was a certain man of Ramathaimzophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite:

2And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.

3And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of the LORD, were there.

4And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions:

5But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but the LORD had shut up her womb.

6And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.

7And as he did so year by year, when she went up to the house of the LORD, so she provoked her; therefore she wept, and did not eat.

8Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons?

9So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD.

10And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.

11And she vowed a vow, and said, O LORD of hosts, if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the LORD all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head.

12And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli marked her mouth.

13Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.

14And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

15And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD.

16Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.

17Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.

18And she said, Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight. So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad.

19And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her.

20Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the LORD.

21And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer unto the LORD the yearly sacrifice, and his vow.

22But Hannah went not up; for she said unto her husband, I will not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring him, that he may appear before the LORD, and there abide for ever.

23And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish his word. So the woman abode, and gave her son suck until she weaned him.

24And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him unto the house of the LORD in Shiloh: and the child was young.

25And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli.

26And she said, Oh my lord, as thy soul liveth, my lord, I am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the LORD.

27For this child I prayed; and the LORD hath given me my petition which I asked of him:

28Therefore also I have lent him to the LORD; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the LORD. And he worshipped the LORD there.

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