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Summary

Numbers 31:1–12 – Vengeance on Midian and the first return

What happens: The Lord commands Moses to take vengeance on Midian for the seduction at Peor. One thousand men from each tribe go to war with Phinehas carrying the holy vessels and trumpets. They strike down Midian’s kings and Balaam, capture women and children, and bring back flocks and goods. They bring the captives and spoil to the camp on the plains of Moab.

What it means: God is holy and judges sin that corrupts His people. He defends His covenant by removing wicked influence. Victory comes by God’s command and presence, not by human strength alone. Worship and warfare meet when God’s holiness leads the battle.


Numbers 31:13–20 – Moses’ rebuke and purification from death

What happens: Moses becomes angry that the women who led Israel into sin are spared. He commands that all male children and non-virgin women be put to death, but the young girls be kept alive. All who touched the dead remain outside the camp for seven days and must be cleansed on the third and seventh days. Garments and items touched by death are also purified.

What it means: Sin is deadly, and holiness requires hard obedience. God guards His people from the same snare by removing what led them astray. Contact with death defiles, and God provides a path back through cleansing. Justice and mercy preserve the community.


Numbers 31:21–24 – Law for purifying metals

What happens: Eleazar instructs the soldiers to pass metals through fire to cleanse them, and all items must also be purified with the water of cleansing. Anything that cannot endure fire is washed with water. The camp follows these rules before reentering.

What it means: God cares about details of purity, not only large matters. Cleansing is done God’s way, not by guesswork. Holiness protects fellowship with God and with one another.


Numbers 31:25–31 – Division of the spoil and the Lord’s tribute

What happens: God commands the spoil to be divided between the warriors and the congregation. A tribute from the warriors’ half is given to the Lord through Eleazar, and a portion from the people’s half is given to the Levites. Moses and Eleazar oversee the division.

What it means: All gain belongs first to God. Worship orders wealth and guards hearts from greed. Shared provision supports God’s house and the whole community.


Numbers 31:32–47 – Totals and distribution

What happens: The text records large totals of flocks, herds, and captives. The portions and tributes are assigned exactly as commanded. Each group receives its share in an orderly way.

What it means: God values faithful accounting and integrity. Obedience in small sums proves the heart in large sums. Order reflects God’s justice and care.


Numbers 31:48–54 – Officers’ freewill offering

What happens: The officers report that no man is missing. They bring gold ornaments as an offering to the Lord to make atonement for themselves. Moses and Eleazar receive the gold as a memorial.

What it means: Gratitude moves God’s people to give freely. God preserves life, and thankful offerings confess His mercy. Memorials help future generations remember God’s faithfulness.


Application

  • Let God’s holiness shape your hardest choices.
  • Handle gains with integrity and give God His due first.
  • Practice God’s way of cleansing so fellowship is restored.

Bible

1And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

2Avenge the children of Israel of the Midianites: afterward shalt thou be gathered unto thy people.

3And Moses spake unto the people, saying, Arm some of yourselves unto the war, and let them go against the Midianites, and avenge the LORD of Midian.

4Of every tribe a thousand, throughout all the tribes of Israel, shall ye send to the war.

5So there were delivered out of the thousands of Israel, a thousand of every tribe, twelve thousand armed for war.

6And Moses sent them to the war, a thousand of every tribe, them and Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest, to the war, with the holy instruments, and the trumpets to blow in his hand.

7And they warred against the Midianites, as the LORD commanded Moses; and they slew all the males.

8And they slew the kings of Midian, beside the rest of them that were slain; namely, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, five kings of Midian: Balaam also the son of Beor they slew with the sword.

9And the children of Israel took all the women of Midian captives, and their little ones, and took the spoil of all their cattle, and all their flocks, and all their goods.

10And they burnt all their cities wherein they dwelt, and all their goodly castles, with fire.

11And they took all the spoil, and all the prey, both of men and of beasts.

12And they brought the captives, and the prey, and the spoil, unto Moses, and Eleazar the priest, and unto the congregation of the children of Israel, unto the camp at the plains of Moab, which are by Jordan near Jericho.

13And Moses, and Eleazar the priest, and all the princes of the congregation, went forth to meet them without the camp.

14And Moses was wroth with the officers of the host, with the captains over thousands, and captains over hundreds, which came from the battle.

15And Moses said unto them, Have ye saved all the women alive?

16Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against the LORD in the matter of Peor, and there was a plague among the congregation of the LORD.

17Now therefore kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman that hath known man by lying with him.

18But all the women children, that have not known a man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves.

19And do ye abide without the camp seven days: whosoever hath killed any person, and whosoever hath touched any slain, purify both yourselves and your captives on the third day, and on the seventh day.

20And purify all your raiment, and all that is made of skins, and all work of goats' hair, and all things made of wood.

21And Eleazar the priest said unto the men of war which went to the battle, This is the ordinance of the law which the LORD commanded Moses;

22Only the gold, and the silver, the brass, the iron, the tin, and the lead,

23Every thing that may abide the fire, ye shall make it go through the fire, and it shall be clean: nevertheless it shall be purified with the water of separation: and all that abideth not the fire ye shall make go through the water.

24And ye shall wash your clothes on the seventh day, and ye shall be clean, and afterward ye shall come into the camp.

25And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

26Take the sum of the prey that was taken, both of man and of beast, thou, and Eleazar the priest, and the chief fathers of the congregation:

27And divide the prey into two parts; between them that took the war upon them, who went out to battle, and between all the congregation:

28And levy a tribute unto the LORD of the men of war which went out to battle: one soul of five hundred, both of the persons, and of the beeves, and of the asses, and of the sheep:

29Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD.

30And of the children of Israel's half, thou shalt take one portion of fifty, of the persons, of the beeves, of the asses, and of the flocks, of all manner of beasts, and give them unto the Levites, which keep the charge of the tabernacle of the LORD.

31And Moses and Eleazar the priest did as the LORD commanded Moses.

32And the booty, being the rest of the prey which the men of war had caught, was six hundred thousand and seventy thousand and five thousand sheep,

33And threescore and twelve thousand beeves,

34And threescore and one thousand asses,

35And thirty and two thousand persons in all, of women that had not known man by lying with him.

36And the half, which was the portion of them that went out to war, was in number three hundred thousand and seven and thirty thousand and five hundred sheep:

37And the LORD'S tribute of the sheep was six hundred and threescore and fifteen.

38And the beeves were thirty and six thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and twelve.

39And the asses were thirty thousand and five hundred; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and one.

40And the persons were sixteen thousand; of which the LORD'S tribute was thirty and two persons.

41And Moses gave the tribute, which was the LORD'S heave offering, unto Eleazar the priest, as the LORD commanded Moses.

42And of the children of Israel's half, which Moses divided from the men that warred,

43(Now the half that pertained unto the congregation was three hundred thousand and thirty thousand and seven thousand and five hundred sheep,

44And thirty and six thousand beeves,

45And thirty thousand asses and five hundred,

46And sixteen thousand persons;)

47Even of the children of Israel's half, Moses took one portion of fifty, both of man and of beast, and gave them unto the Levites, which kept the charge of the tabernacle of the LORD; as the LORD commanded Moses.

48And the officers which were over thousands of the host, the captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds, came near unto Moses:

49And they said unto Moses, Thy servants have taken the sum of the men of war which are under our charge, and there lacketh not one man of us.

50We have therefore brought an oblation for the LORD, what every man hath gotten, of jewels of gold, chains, and bracelets, rings, earrings, and tablets, to make an atonement for our souls before the LORD.

51And Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of them, even all wrought jewels.

52And all the gold of the offering that they offered up to the LORD, of the captains of thousands, and of the captains of hundreds, was sixteen thousand seven hundred and fifty shekels.

53(For the men of war had taken spoil, every man for himself.)

54And Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and brought it into the tabernacle of the congregation, for a memorial for the children of Israel before the LORD.

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